Correct!

Pulmonary-stenosis-fallot.png

Stenosis refers to an abnormal narrowing of a canal or orifice.

Atresia is defined as an abnormal absence or complete occlusion of an opening or lumen.

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Pulmonary stenosis can occur from asymmetrical division during septation of the outflow tract. This may cause membranous ventricular septal defect resulting in malalignment of the outflow tract channels.

Label the following structures and channels seen during outflow tract septation.

List the steps of outflow tract septation, starting from the truncal ridges (cushions) and ending with a complete interventricular septum.

(Write your answer down! We will review this at the end)

Defects in the aorticopulmonary septum are primarily due to problems with which of the following?

Select:

 A. If only 1, 2, and 3 are correct
 B. If only 1 and 3 are correct
 C. If only 2 and 4 are correct
 D. If only 4 is correct

  1. Primary heart field

  2. Secondary heart field

  3. Atrioventricular canal mesenchyme

  4. Cardiac neural crest cells

A
B
C
D