Completely answer the following learning objectives prior to the second exam. Either turn this assignment in electronically before class or handwritten at the beginning of the exam.
- List the common etiology of most congenital heart defects (CHDs) and at least three teratogens that cause CHDs
- Differentiate between atrial septal defect (ASD), ventricular septal defect (VSD), transposition of the great arteries, and dextrocardia
- List five ways an ASD can occur during development and the course of treatment for most ASDs
- Describe how to differentiate between ASDs involving the sinus venosus, foramen secundum, and foramen primum
- List the four defects associated with Tetralogy of Fallot and treatment for this condition
- Describe the consequences of abnormal outflow tract septation
- Given ASD, VSD, or an outflow tract defect, determine whether the primary structures involved derive from a specific segment of the heart tube or the secondary heart field
- Explain the embryologic events leading to a VSD
- Define ventricular hypertrophy and explain how it manifests in Tetralogy of Fallot
- Define patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and explain the consequences of a PDA in newborns
Congratulations! You completed a couple of curious cardiovascular cases. Go back to the beginning and play again!